Portal:Islands
The Islands Portal
An island or isle is a piece of subcontinental land completely surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, and a small island off the coast may be called a holm. Sedimentary islands in the Ganges Delta are called chars. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands, such as the Philippines, is referred to as an archipelago.
There are two main types of islands in the sea: continental islands and oceanic islands. There are also artificial islands (man-made islands).
There are about 900,000 official islands in the world. This number consists of all the officially-reported islands of each country. The total number of islands in the world is unknown. There may be hundreds of thousands of tiny islands that are unknown and uncounted. The number of sea islands in the world is estimated to be more than 200,000. The total area of the world's sea islands is approx. 9,963,000 km2, which is similar to the area of Canada and accounts for roughly 1/15 (or 6.7%) of the total land area of Earth. (Full article...)
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Hațeg Island was a large offshore island in the Tethys Sea which existed during the Late Cretaceous period, probably from the Cenomanian to the Maastrichtian ages. It was situated in an area corresponding to the region around modern-day Hațeg, Hunedoara County, Romania. Maastrichtian fossils of small-sized dinosaurs have been found in the island's rocks. It was formed mainly by tectonic uplift during the early Alpine orogeny, caused by the collision of the African and Eurasian plates towards the end of the Cretaceous. There is no real present-day analog, but overall, the island of Hainan (off the coast of China) is perhaps closest as regards climate, geology and topography, though still not a particularly good match. The vegetation, for example, was of course entirely distinct from today, as was the fauna.
The Hungarian paleontologist Franz Nopcsa theorized that "limited resources" found on the island commonly have an effect of "reducing the size of animals" over the generations, producing a localized form of dwarfism. Nopcsa's theory of insular dwarfism—also known as the island rule—is today widely accepted. (Full article...)
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- List of islands
- List of islands by area
- List of islands by highest point
- List of islands by name
- List of islands by population
- List of islands by population density
- List of archipelagos
- List of archipelagos by number of islands
- List of artificial islands
- List of divided islands
- List of fictional islands
- List of island countries
- List of islands in lakes
- List of islands named after people
- List of islands of the European Union
- List of private islands
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Did you know –
- ... that in 1972, Catalina Island was occupied by the Brown Berets, who claimed that the territory rightfully belonged to Mexico?
- ... that the coat of arms of Jersey was allowed to be featured on its stamps during the occupation in World War II, with the Germans unaware that it was also the royal arms of England?
- ... that Chadd Cumberbatch, a Montserratian poet and playwright, wrote a play called 1768 to tell the story of the island's St Patrick's Day slave rebellion?
- ... that the three oak saplings on the flag of Prince Edward Island represent the three counties that make up the province?
- ... that Koenigia islandica is considered the most hardy annual plant in the world?
- ... that the name of the Noises, a group of islands in New Zealand, is a corrupted version of Les Noisettes ("the Hazelnuts")?
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- Listing of islands from the United Nations Island Directory